1、外国宗教团体及传教士能否在中国开展宗教活动？
不能。《中华人民共和国宪法》第三十六条规定：中华人民共和国公民有宗教信仰自由。 宗教团体和宗教事务不受外国势力的支配。
1. Can foreign religious bodies and preachers carry out religious activities in China?
No. In accordance with Article 36 of Consititution of the People’s Republic of China, citizens of the People's Republic of China enjoy freedom of religious belief. Religious bodies and religious affairs are not subject to any foreign domination.

2、外国人在中国境内的法定权利与义务是什么？
《中华人民共和国外国人入境出境管理法》第四条、第五条规定：中国政府保护在中国境内的外国人的合法权利和利益。外国人的人身自由不受侵犯，非经人民检察院批准或者决定或者人民法院决定，并由公安机关或者国家安全机关执行，不受逮捕。
外国人在中国境内，必须遵守中国法律，不得危害中国国家安全、损害社会公共利益、破坏社会公共秩序。
2. What are the lawful rights and interests of aliens in China?
In accordance with Article 4 and Article 5 of Law of the People’s Republic of China on Control of the Entry and Exit of Aliens, the Chinese Government shall protect the lawful rights and oblications of aliens on Chinese territory. Freedom of the person of aliens is inviolable. No alien may be arrested except with the approval or by decision of a people's procuratorate or by decision of a people's court, and arrest must be made by a public security organ or state security organ.
Aliens in China must abide by Chinese laws and may not endanger the state security of China, harm public interests or disrupt the public order.

3、外国人申请居留证件须回答哪些情况并履行哪些手续？
《中华人民共和国外国人入境出境管理法实施细则》第十七条规定：外国人申请居留证件须回答被询问的有关情况并履行下列手续：
（一）交验护照、签证和与居留事由有关的证明；
（二）填写居留申请表；
（三）申请外国人居留证的，还要交验健康证明书，交近期２寸半身正面免冠照片。
3. What information shall aliens provide and what procedures shall aliens complete when applying for residence certificates?
Article 17 of Rules Governing the Implementation of the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Control of the Entry and Exit of Aliens stipulates that in applying for residence certificates, aliens shall provide such information as requested and complete the following procedures:
(1) Submit for examination their passports, visas and papers supporting their purposes of residence;
(2) Fill in residence application forms;
(3) In applying for aliens' residence cards, submit for examination health certificates and recently-taken two inch half-length, bareheaded, full-faced photos.

4、外国人在中国机构内或者中国居民家中住宿应履行哪些手续？
《中华人民共和国外国人入境出境管理法实施细则》第二十九条、第三十条规定：外国人在宾馆、饭店、旅店、招待所、学校等企业、事业单位或者机关、团体及其他中国机构内住宿，应当出示有效护照或者居留证件，并填写临时住宿登记表。在非开放地区住宿还要出示旅行证。
　   外国人在中国居民家中住宿，在城镇的，须于抵达后２４小时内，由留宿人或者本人持住宿人的护照、证件和留宿人的户口簿到当地公安机关申报，填写临时住宿登记表；在农村的，须于７２小时内向当地派出所或者户籍办公室申报。
4. What procedures shall aliens complete when they lodge at Chinese organizations or at the home of a Chinese resident?
In accordance with Article 29 and Article 30 of Rules Governing the Implementation of the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Control of the Entry and Exit of Aliens, for lodging at guest house, hotel, inn, hostel, school or other enterprises and institutions or at government organs or other Chinese organizations, aliens shall present valid passports or residence certificates and fill in registration forms of temporary accommodation. They shall present travel permits when seeking accommodation in areas closed to aliens.
When an alien wishes to lodge at the home of a Chinese resident in urban areas, the host or the lodger shall, within 24 hours of the lodger's arrival, report to the local public security organ with the lodger's passport and certificate as well as the host's residence booklet and fill in registration forms of temporary accommodation. In rural areas, the host or lodger shall report to the local police station or residence registration office within 72 hours of the lodger's arrival.

5、外国人前往不对外国人开放的市、县旅行，须事先向所在市、县公安局申请旅行证，获准后方可前往。申请旅行证须履行下列哪些手续？
《中华人民共和国外国人入境出境管理法实施细则》第三十四条规定：前往不对外国人开放的市、县旅行，须事先向所在市、县公安局申请旅行证，获准后方可前往。申请旅行证须履行下列手续：
（一）交验护照或者居留证件；
（二）提供与旅行事由有关的证明；
（三）填写旅行申请表。
5. An alien wishing to travel to cities or counties closed to aliens shall apply in advance for a travel permit to the public security bureau of the city or county where he/she stays and may proceed there only with permission. To apply for a travel permit, what procedures shall be completed?
Article 34 of Rules Governing the Implementation of the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Control of the Entry and Exit of Aliens stipulates that an alien wishing to travel to cities or counties closed to aliens shall apply in advance for a travel permit to the public security bureau of the city or county where he/she stays and may proceed there only with permission. To apply for a travel permit, the following procedures must be completed:
(1) Submit passport or residence certificate for examination;
(2) provide papers supporting the purposes of travel;
(3) Fill in a travel application form.

6、外国人出现哪些情形时，不准其出境？
《中华人民共和国外国人入境出境管理法》第二十三条规定：有下列情形之一的外国人，不准出境：
（一）刑事案件的被告人和公安机关或者人民检察院或者人民法院认定的犯罪嫌疑人；
（二）人民法院通知有未了结民事案件不能离境的；
（三）有其他违反中国法律的行为尚未处理，经有关主管机关认定需要追究的。
6. Under what circumstances shall aliens be forbidden to leave China?
Article 23 of Law of the People’s Republic of China on Control of the Entry and Exit of Aliens stipulates that aliens belonging to any of the following categories shall not be allowed to leave China:
(1) defendants in criminal cases or criminal suspects confirmed by a public security organ, a people's procuratorate or a people's court;
(2) persons who, as notified by a people's court, shall be denied exit owing to involvement in unresolved civil cases;
(3) persons who have committed other acts in violation of Chinese law and have not been dealt with and against whom the competent authorities consider it necessary to institute prosecution.

7、关于外国人因出生而取得中国国籍，《中华人民共和国国籍法》是怎样规定的？
《中华人民共和国国籍法》第四条、第五条、第六条规定：父母双方或一方为中国公民，本人出生在中国，具有中国国籍。
　　父母双方或一方为中国公民，本人出生在外国，具有中国国籍；但父母双方或一方为中国公民并定居在外国，本人出生时即具有外国国籍的，不具有中国国籍。
父母无国籍或国籍不明，定居在中国，本人出生在中国，具有中国国籍。
7. How does Nationality Law of the People’s Republic of China stipulate concerning an alien who acquires Chinese nationality at birth?
In accordance with Article 4, Article 5 and Article 6 of Nationality Law of the People’s Republic of China, any person born in China whose parents are both Chinese nationals or one of whose parents is a Chinese national shall have Chinese nationality.
Any person born abroad whose parents are both Chinese nationals or one of whose parents is a Chinese national shall have Chinese nationality. But a person whose parents are both Chinese nationals and have both settled abroad, or one of whose parents is a Chinese national and has settled abroad, and who has acquired foreign nationality at birth shall not have Chinese nationality.
Any person born in China whose parents are stateless or of uncertain nationality and have settled in China shall have Chinese nationality.

8、申请加入中国国籍，须具备怎样的条件？
　　《中华人民共和国国籍法》第七条、第八条规定：外国人或无国籍人，愿意遵守中国宪法和法律，并具有下列条件之一的，可以经申请批准加入中国国籍：
　　1、中国人的近亲属；
　　2、定居在中国的；
　　3、有其它正当理由。
申请加入中国国籍获得批准的，即取得中国国籍；被批准加入中国国籍的，不得再保留外国国籍。
8. What conditions shall a person meet when applying for naturalization as a Chinese national?
In accordance with Article 7 and Article 8 of Nationality Law of the People’s Republic of China, foreign nationals or stateless persons who are willing to abide by China's Constitution and laws and who meet one of the following conditions may be naturalized upon approval of their applications:
(1) they are near relatives of Chinese nationals;
(2) they have settled in China;
(3) they have other legitimate reasons.
Any person who applies for naturalization as a Chinese national shall acquire Chinese nationality upon approval of his application; a person whose application for naturalization as a Chinese national has been approved shall not retain foreign nationality.

9、外国籍消费者在中国享有哪些权利？
根据《中华人民共和国消费者权益保护法》第七条至第十五条的规定，外国人在中国作为消费者享有：人身、财产安全保障权；知悉真情权；自主选择商品或者服务权；公平交易权；依法获得赔偿权；人格尊严、人身自由得到尊重权等权利。
9. What rights shall alien consumers have in China?
In accordance with the provisions from Article 7 to Article 15 of Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Protection of the Rights and Interests of Consumers, as consumers in China, aliens shall have the right to the safety of person and property, the right to knowledge of the true facts, the right to free choice in purchasing commodities or services, the right to fair dealing, the right to compensation according to law, and the right to human dignity and personal freedom.

10、外国人经营者承担哪些义务？
根据《中华人民共和国消费者权益保护法》第十六条至第二十五条的规定，外国人在中国作为经营者时，须承担如下义务：履行法定的义务及约定的义务；接受监督的义务；保证商品和服务安全的义务；提供真实信息的义务；标明其真实名称和标记的义务；出具凭证或单据的义务；保证质量的义务；履行 “三包”（包修、包换、包退）或其他责任的义务；不得单方作出对消费者不利规定的义务；不得侵犯消费者人格权的义务。
10. What obligations shall alien business operators bear?
In accordance with the provisions from Article 16 to Article 25 of Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Protection of the Rights and Interests of Consumers, as business operators in China, aliens shall perform obligations in accordance with relevant laws and regulations and agreements and shall be subject to supervision. Alien business operators shall garuantee the safety of commidites and services, provide consumers with true information, clearly indicate its true name and trade, issue a purchase or service voucher to consumers, garuantee the quality of commidites and services, and bear responsibility for guaranteed repair, replacement and return or other liability. Alien business operators shall not be permitted to set unreasonable or unfair terms for consumers unilaterally and shall not infringe upon the right of personality of a consumer.

11、外国人在中国境内的哪些个人所得须缴纳个人所得税？
《中华人民共和国个人所得税法》第一条、第二条规定：在中国境内有住所，或者无住所而在境内居住满一年的个人，从中国境内和境外取得的所得，依照本法规定缴纳个人所得税；在中国境内无住所又不居住或者无住所而在境内居住不满一年的个人，从中国境内取得的所得，依照本法规定缴纳个人所得税。
　　具体而言，下列各项个人所得，应纳个人所得税：
　　一、工资、薪金所得；
　　二、个体工商户的生产、经营所得；
　　三、对企事业单位的承包经营、承租经营所得；
　　四、劳务报酬所得；
　　五、稿酬所得；
　　六、特许权使用费所得；
　　七、利息、股息、红利所得；
　　八、财产租赁所得；
　　九、财产转让所得；
　　十、偶然所得；
　　十一、经国务院财政部门确定征税的其它所得。
11. Under what circumstances shall aliens pay individual income tax in China?
In accordance with Article 1 and Article 2 of Individual Income Tax Law of the People's Republic of China, individuals who have residences in China and individuals who have no residences in China but have resided for one year or more in China shall pay individual income tax on their income gained within and outside China in accordance with the provisions of this Law. Individuals who have no residences in China and have not resided in China and individuals who have no residences in China but have resided in China for less than one year shall pay individual income tax only on their income gained within China in accordance with the provisions of this Law.
In details, individual income tax shall be paid on the following categories of income:
(1) income from wages and salaries;
(2) Income from production or business operation conducted by self-employed industrial and commercial households;
(3) Income from contracted or leased operation of enterprises or social service providers partly or wholly funded by state assets;
(4) income from remuneration for personal services;
(5) author’s remuneration;
 (6) income from royalties;
(7) income from interest, dividends and bonuses;
(8) income from the lease of property;
(9) income from the transfer of property;
(10) incidental income;
(11) other income specified as taxable by the Ministry of Finance of the People's Republic of China.

12、怎样办理纳税申报？
     根据《 中华人民共和国税收征收管理法》第二十五条、第二十六条之规定，纳税人必须依照法定的或者税务机关依法确定的申报期限、申报内容如实办理纳税申报，报送纳税申报表、财务会计报表以及税务机关根据实际需要要求纳税人报送的其他纳税资料。
　　 纳税人可以直接到税务机关办理纳税申报，也可以按照规定采取邮寄、数据电文或者其他方式办理上述申报、报送事项。
12. How shall a taxpayer lodge a tax return?
In accordance with Article 25 and Article 26 of Law of the People's Republic of China on the Administration of the Levying and Collection of Taxes, a taxpayer shall, within the declaration period stipulated by the law or determined by taxation authorities according to law, accurately lodge a tax return, submit the tax declaration form, financial and accounting statements, and other documents and material required by taxation authorities when necessary.
A taxpayer may go to a taxation authority to lodge a tax return directly, or lodge a tax return and submit documents and material by mail, datamessage or other means in accordance with relevant provisions.

13、外国人 在境内怎样进行房屋租赁？
《中华人民共和国城市房地产管理法》第五十三条、第五十四条规定：房屋租赁，出租人和承租人应当签订书面租赁合同，约定租赁期限、租赁用途、租赁价格、修缮责任等条款，以及双方的其他权利和义务，并向房产管理部门登记备案。
住宅用房的租赁，应当执行国家和房屋所在城市人民政府规定的租赁政策。租用房屋从事生产、经营活动的，由租赁双方协商议定租金和其他租赁条款。
13. How shall aliens lease houses in China?
In accordance with Article 53 and Article 54 of Law of the People's Republic of China on the Administration of the Urban Real Estate, in the lease of a house, the leaser and the leasee shall conclude a written lease contract defining such matters as the term, purpose, price of the lease, liability for repair, as well as other rights and obligations of both parties, and shall register the lease with the department of housing administration for the record.
Lease of residential houses shall be carried out in accordance with policies on lease formulated by the State and the people's government of the city where the houses are located. Where houses are leased for activities of production and business operation, the rent and other terms for the lease shall be determined by both parties through consultation.

14、外国人应怎样履行居住（或居留）国的环境保护义务？
《中华人民共和国环境保护法》第六条、第三十三条、第三十四条规定：一切单位和个人都有保护环境的义务，并有权对污染和破坏环境的单位和个人进行检举和控告。
生产、储存、运输、销售、使用有毒化学物品和含有放射性物质的物品，必须遵守国家有关规定，防止污染环境。
任何单位不得将产生严重污染的生产设备转移给没有污染防治能力的单位使用。
14. How shall aliens perform environmental protection obiligations in the state of residence?
In accordance with Article 6, Article 33 and Article 34 of Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China, all units and individuals shall have the obligation to protect the environment and shall have the right to report on or file charges against units or individuals that cause pollution or damage to the environment.
The production, storage, transportation, sale and use of toxic chemicals and materials containing radioactive substances must comply with the relevant state provisions so as to prevent environmental pollution.
No unit shall be permitted to transfer a production facility that causes severe pollution for use to a unit that is unable to prevent and control pollution.

15、外国人在华收养子女，应当提交哪些文件？
根据《外国人在华收养子女登记办法》第四条之规定：外国人在华收养子女，应提交以下文件：
(一) 跨国收养申请书；
 (二) 出生证明；
 (三) 婚姻状况证明；
 (四) 职业、经济收入和财产状况证明；
 (五) 身体健康检查证明；
 (六) 有无受过刑事处罚的证明；
 (七) 收养人所在国主管机关同意其跨国收养子女的证明；
 (八) 家庭情况报告，包括收养人的身份、收养的合格性和适当性、家庭状况和病史、收养动机以及适合于照顾儿童的特点等。
15. What documents shall foreigners submit when they attempt to adopt children in China?
Article 4 of Measure Registering Adoption of Children by Foreigners in the People’s Republic of China stipulates that foreigners attempting to adopt children in China shall submit the following documents:
(1) application for transnational adoption;
(2) birth certificate;
(3) certificate of marital status;
(4) certificate of occupation, income and property;
(5) certificate of health examination;
(6) certificate indicating whether the adopter has ever been subject to critical punishment;
(7) certificate certifying the approval of the transnational adoption by the competent authority of the home country;
(8) family situation report, including the adopter's status, the qualification and suitability of the adoption, family background, medical history, motive for adoption and specialty for caring children.

16、外国人来华收养子女，怎样办理登记手续？
《外国人在华收养子女登记办法》第八条规定： 外国人来华收养子女，应当亲自来华办理登记手续。夫妻共同收养的，应当共同来华办理收养手续；一方因故不能来华的，应当书面委托另一方。委托书应当经所在国公证和认证。
16. How shall foreigners undergo registration procedures when they attempt to adopt children in China?
Article 8 of Measure Registering Adoption of Children by Foreigners in the People’s Republic of China stipulates that foreigners attempting to adopt children in China shall come to China for undergoing registration procedures in person. If a foreign couple adopt a child together, they shall both come to China for undergoing registration procedures; if one of the couple cannot come for some reasons, the other party shall be authorized in written form, and the power of attorney shall be notarized and authenticated by the country in which they reside.

17、《中华人民共和国刑法》关于属地管辖原则的基本规定是什么？
　　《中华人民共和国刑法》第六条规定：凡在中华人民共和国领域内犯罪的，除法律有特别规定的以外，都适用本法。
　　凡在中华人民共和国船舶或者航空器内犯罪的，也适用本法。
犯罪的行为或者结果有一项发生在中华人民共和国领域内的，就认为是在中华人民共和国领域内犯罪。
17. What are the basic provisions on the principle of territoriality in Criminal Law of the People’s Republic of China?
Article 6 of Criminal Law of the People’s Republic of China stipulates that this Law shall be applicable to anyone who commits a crime within the territory of the People's Republic of China, except as otherwise specifically provided by law.
This Law shall also be applicable to anyone who commits a crime on board a ship or aircraft of the People's Republic of China.
If a criminal act or its consequence takes place within the territory of the People's Republic of China, the crime shall be deemed to have been committed within the territory of the People's Republic of China.

18、享有外交特权和豁免权的外国人的刑事责任怎样追究？
《中华人民共和国刑法》第十一条规定：享有外交特权和豁免权的外国人的刑事责任，通过外交途径解决。
18. How shall the criminal responsibility of foreigners who enjoy diplomatic privileges and immunities be investigated?
Article 11 of Criminal Law of the People’s Republic of China stipulates that the criminal responsibility of foreigners who enjoy diplomatic privileges and immunities shall be solved through diplomatic channels.

19、外国人在境内组织、领导和积极参加恐怖活动组织的，或者资助恐怖活动组织或者实施恐怖活动的个人的，怎样处理？
　 根据《 中华人民共和国刑法》及其修正案（三）之相关规定，组织、领导恐怖活动组织的，处十年以上有期徒刑或者无期徒刑；积极参加的，处三年以上十年以下有期徒刑；其他参加的，处三年以下有期徒刑、拘役、管制或者剥夺政治权利。
　　资助恐怖活动组织或者实施恐怖活动的个人的，处五年以下有期徒刑、拘役、管制或者剥夺政治权利，并处罚金；情节严重的，处五年以上有期徒刑，并处罚金或者没收财产。
犯前款罪并实施杀人、爆炸、绑架等犯罪的，依照数罪并罚的规定处罚。
19. How shall aliens be dealt with if they form or lead or actively participate in a terrorist organization or provide funds to any terrorist organization or individual who engages in terrorism in China?
In accordance with relevant provisions in Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China and Amendment III to Criminal Law of the People’s Republic of China, whoever forms or leads a terrorist organization shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than 10 years or life imprisonment; persons who actively participate in a terrorist organization shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than 3 years but not more than 10 years; other participants shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than 3 years, criminal detention, public surveillance or deprivation of political rights.
Whoever provides funds to any terrorist organization or individual who engages in terrorism shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than 5 years, criminal detention, public surveillance or deprivation of political rights, and shall also be fined; if the circumstances are serious, he shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than 5 years, and he shall also be fined or his property shall be confiscated.
Whoever, in addition to the offense mentioned in the preceding paragraphs, commits crimes of homicide, causing explosion and kidnapping shall be punished in accordance with the provisions on combined punishment for several crimes.

20、境外的黑社会组织的人员到中国境内发展组织成员的，怎样处罚？
《中华人民共和国刑法》第二百九十四条规定：境外的黑社会组织的人员到中华人民共和国境内发展组织成员的，处三年以上十年以下有期徒刑。
犯前款罪又有其他犯罪行为的，依照数罪并罚的规定处罚。
20. How shall members of Mafia abroad who recruit members within the territory of China be punished?
Article 294 of Criminal Law of the People’s Republic of China stipulates that members of Mafia abroad who recruit members within the territory of the People's Republic of China shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than 3 years but not more than 10 years.
Whoever, in addition to the offense mentioned in the preceding paragraph, commits any other offences shall be punished in accordance with the provisions on combined punishment for several crimes.

21、外国人在境内走私、贩卖、运输、制造毒品的，怎样处理？
　　根据《中华人民共和国刑法》第三百四十七条之规定，走私、贩卖、运输、制造毒品，无论数量多少，都应当追究刑事责任，予以刑事处罚。
　　单位犯前款罪的，对单位判处罚金，并对其直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员，依照各该款的规定处罚。
　　利用、教唆未成年人走私、贩卖、运输、制造毒品，或者向未成年人出售毒品的，从重处罚。
　　对多次走私、贩卖、运输、制造毒品，未经处理的，毒品数量累计计算。
21. How shall aliens who smuggle, traffic in, transport or manufacture narcotic drugs be dealt with?
Article 347 of Criminal Law of the People’s Republic of China stipulates that whoever smuggles, traffics in, transports or manufactures narcotic drugs, regardless of the quantity involved, shall be investigated for criminal responsibility and given criminal punishment.　　
Where a unit commits any crime mentioned in the preceding paragraph, it shall be fined, and the persons who are directly in charge and the other persons who are directly responsible for the offence shall be punished in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraphs respectively.
Whoever makes use of minors or abets them to smuggle, traffic in, transport or manufacture narcotic drugs or sells narcotic drugs to minors shall be given a heavier punishment.
With respect to persons who have repeatedly smuggled, trafficked in, transported or manufactured narcotic drugs and have not been dealt with, the quantity of narcotic drugs thus involved shall be computed cumulatively.

22、外国人在规定的交易场所以外非法买卖外汇的，怎样处理？
《全国人大常委会关于惩治骗购外汇、逃汇和非法买卖外汇犯罪的决定》之“四”规定：在国家规定的交易场所以外非法买卖外汇，扰乱市场秩序，情节严重的，依照刑法第二百二十五条的规定定罪（非法经营罪）处罚。
22. How shall foreigners be dealt with if they illegally trade in foreign exchange in places other than ones designated by the State for such trade?
Article 4 of Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress on the Punishment of Crimes of Fraudulently Purchasing, Evading and Illegally Trading in Foreign Exchange stipulates that whoever illegally trades in foreign exchange in places other than ones designated by the State for such trade and thus disputes market order shall, if the circumstances are serious, be convicted as illegal business acts and punished in accordance with the provisions of Artivle 225 of Criminal Law of the People’s Republic of China.

23、外国人能否被委托担任刑事辩护人？
根据《中华人民共和国刑事诉讼法若干问题的解释》第三十三条的规定，外国人或者无国籍人，不得被委托担任刑事辩护人。
但，外国人或者无国籍人是被告人的近亲属或者监护人，由被告人委托担任刑事辩护人的，人民法院可以准许。
23. May foreigners be appointed as the defender in criminal cases?
Article 33 of Interpretation of the Supreme People’s Court on several Issues about the Implementation of the Criminal Procedure Law of the People's Republic of China stipulates that a foereigner or a stateless person shall not be appointed as the defender in criminal cases.
However, if the foreigner or the stateless person is a near relative of the defendant, and is appointed as the defender by the defendant in criminal cases, the People’s count may approve.

24、外国人在中国进行诉讼活动时，其诉讼地位怎样？
　　根据《中华人民共和国刑事诉讼法》、《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》及《中华人民共和国行政诉讼法》的相关规定，外国人在我国进行诉讼活动，享有我国法律规定的诉讼权利并承担诉讼义务。
外国法院对中华人民共和国公民、组织的诉讼权利加以限制的，人民法院对该国公民、组织的诉讼权利，实行对等原则。
24. What litigation status shall foreigners have when they engage in lawsuits in China?
In accordance with relavant provisions in Criminal Procedure Law of the People’s Republic of China, Civil Procedure Law of the People’s Republic of China and Administrative Procedure Law of the People’s Republic of China, foreigners shall have the litigation rights and perform the litigation obligations stipulated by law of China when they engage in lawsuits.
Where the courts of a foreign country impose restrictions on the litigation rights of the citizens and organizations of the People's Republic of China, the people's courts of the People's Republic of China shall follow the principle of reciprocity regarding the litigation rights of the citizens,and organizations of that foreign country.

25、涉外诉讼，使用何种语言文字？
根据《中华人民共和国刑事诉讼法》、《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》及《中华人民共和国行政诉讼法》的相关规定，人民法院审理涉外刑事案件、涉外民事案件及涉外行政案件，应当使用中华人民共和国通用的语言、文字。当事人要求提供翻译的，可以提供，费用由当事人承担。
25. What kind of language shall be used in lawsuits involving foreign interests?
In accordance with relavant provisions in Criminal Procedure Law of the People’s Republic of China, Civil Procedure Law of the People’s Republic of China and Administrative Procedure Law of the People’s Republic of China, in trying criminal, civil and administrative cases involving foreign interests, the spoken and written languages commonly used in the People's Republic of China shall be adopted. Translation may be provided at the request of the parties, and the expenses shall be borne by the parties.

26、外国籍律师能否以律师身份在中国境内进行诉讼活动？
外国籍律师不能以律师身份在中国境内进行诉讼活动。
根据《中华人民共和国刑事诉讼法》、《中华人民共和国行政诉讼法》、《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》之相关规定，外国籍当事人在中国境内进行诉讼活动，需委托律师进行辩护或代理诉讼的，应当委托具有中华人民共和国律师资格并依法取得执业证书的律师。
但，根据《最高人民法院关于适用民事诉讼法若干问题的意见》第308条之规定，涉外民事诉讼中的外籍当事人，可以委托本国人为诉讼代理人，也可以委托本国律师以非律师身份担任诉讼代理人；外国驻华使、领馆官员，受本国公民的委托，可以以个人名义担任诉讼代理人，但在诉讼中不享有外交特权和豁免权。
26. Shall foreign lawyers engage in lawsuits as lawyers in China?
No, foreign lawyers shall not engage in lawsuits as lawyers in China.
In accordance with relavant provisions in Criminal Procedure Law of the People’s Republic of China, Civil Procedure Law of the People’s Republic of China and Administrative Procedure Law of the People’s Republic of China, where foreign parties engage in lawsuits in China and need to appoint lawyers as defenders or agents, they shall appoint lawyers who have the lawyer qualification certificate of the People's Republic of China and have obtained the lawyer’s practice certificate according to law.
However, in accordance with the provisions in Article 308 of Proposals of the Supreme Court on several Issues concerning the Application of Civil Procedure Law of the People's Republic of China, foreign parties in civil lawsuits involving foreign interests may appoint persons from their home country as agents, or appoint lawyers from their home country as agents in name of non-lawyer. Officials of foreign embassies and consulates in China, who are appointed by persons from their home country, may act as agents in his or her own name, but shall not enjoy diplomatic privileges and immunities in lawsuits.

27、怎样确定外国人的民事行为能力？
    根据《中华人民共和国民法通则若干问题的意见》之相关规定，外国人在我国领域内进行民事活动，如依其本国法律为无民事行为能力，而依我国法律为有民事行为能力，应当认定为有民事行为能力。
外国法人以其注册登记地国家的法律为其本国法，法人的民事行为能力依其本国法确定。
27. How shall a foreigner’s capacity for civil conduct be determined?
In accordance with relevant provisions of Proposals on several Issues concerning General Principles of the Civil Law of the People's Republic of China, a foreigner, who is determined as having no capacity for civil conduct according to laws of his home country but as having full capacity for civil conduct according to laws of China, shall be determined as having full capacity for civil conduct when he carries out civil activities in China.
A foreign legal person shall regard laws of the place where it registers as laws of its home country. A legal person’s capacity for civil conduct shall be determined according to laws of its home country.

28、对于涉外离婚案件，怎样适用法律？
《中华人民共和国民法通则若干问题的意见》之“188”条规定：我国法院受理的涉外离婚案件，离婚以及因离婚而引起的财产分割，适用我国法律。认定其婚姻是否有效，适用婚姻缔结地法律。
28. What law shall apply concerning the divorce of a citizen of the People's Republic of China from a foreigner?
Article 188 of Proposals on several Issues concerning General Principles of the Civil Law of the People's Republic of China stipulates that the divorce of a citizen of the People's Republic of China from a foreigner and the dismemberment of property arising from the divorce shall be bound by the law of the People’s Republic of China when the cases are accepted by China’s courts. The validity of the marriage shall be determined according to the laws of the place where they get married.

29、怎样处理在中国境内死亡的外国人的遗产？
《中华人民共和国民法通则若干问题的意见》之“191”条规定：在我国境内死亡的外国人，遗留在我国境内的财产如果无人继承又无人受遗赠的，依照我国法律处理，两国缔结或者参加的国际条约另有规定的除外。
29. How shall an estate left by a foreigner who dies in the People’s Republic of China be handled?
Article 191 of Proposals on several Issues concerning General Principles of the Civil Law of the People's Republic of China stipulates that an estate which is left by a foreigner who dies in the People’s Republic of China with neither a successor nor a legatee shall be handled in accordance with laws of China, except as otherwise stipulated by international treaties concluded or acceded to by the People's Republic of China.

30、外国人在中国境内的作品，其著作权怎样保护？
《中华人民共和国著作权法实施条例》第七条、第八条规定：首先在中国境内出版的外国人、无国籍人的作品，其著作权自首次出版之日起受保护。　　
外国人、无国籍人的作品在中国境外首先出版后，30日内在中国境内出版的，视为该作品同时在中国境内出版。
30. How shall the copyright in works of foreigners in China be protected?
In accordance with Article 7 and Article 8 of Regulations for the Implementation of Copyright Law of the People’s Republic of China, copyright in works of foreigners or stateless persons that are first published in the People's Republic of China, is protected from the date of first publication.
A work of a foreigner or stateless person that is published in China within 30 days after it is first published outside China shall be deemed to have been simultaneously published in China.

31、在中国没有经常居所或者营业所的外国人、外国企业或者外国其他组织，怎样办理专利事务？
《中华人民共和国专利法》第十九条规定：在中国没有经常居所或者营业所的外国人、外国企业或者外国其他组织在中国申请专利和办理其他专利事务的，应当委托国务院专利行政部门指定的专利代理机构办理。
31. How shall a foreigner, foreign enterprise or other foreign organization without a habitual residence or place of business in China handle patent matters?
Article 19 of Patent Law of the People’s Republic of China stipulates that if a foreigner, foreign enterprise or other foreign organization without a habitual residence or place of business in China applies for a patent or has other patent matters to attend to in China, he or it shall entrust a patent agency designated by the State Council of the People's Republic of China to act on his or its behalf.

32、在中国没有经常居所或者营业所的申请人，申请专利或者要求外国优先权的，通常需提交哪些文件？
《中华人民共和国专利法实施细则》第三十四条规定：在中国没有经常居所或者营业所的申请人，申请专利或者要求外国优先权的，国务院专利行政部门认为必要时，可以要求其提供下列文件：
　　（一）国籍证明；
　　（二）申请人是企业或者其他组织的，其营业所或者总部所在地的证明文件；
（三）申请人的所属国，承认中国单位和个人可以按照该国国民的同等条件，在该国享有专利权、优先权和其他与专利有关的权利的证明文件。
32. What documents shall be provided when an applicant without a habitual residence or place of business in China applies for a patent or claims foreign priority?
Article 34 of Rules for the Implementation of Patent Law of the People’s Republic of China stipulates that if an applicant without a habitual residence or place of business in China applies for a patent or claims foreign priority, the State Council's patent administration authority may, where it considers necessary, require the applicant to provide the following documents:
(1) proof of nationality;
(2) if the applicant is an enterprise or another organization, a certificate concerning the location of its place of business or head office;
(3) a certificate from the applicant's home country, confirming that units and individuals from China are entitled to patent rights, priority and other patent-related rights in such country on the same conditions as are such country's nationals.

33、外国人或者外国企业在中国怎样办理商标事务？
根据《中华人民共和国商标法》及其实施条例的相关规定：外国人或者外国企业在中国申请商标注册和办理其他商标事务的，应当委托中国国家认可的具有商标代理资格的组织代理。其代理委托书应当载明代理内容、代理权限、委托人的国籍。
33. How shall foreigners or foreign enterprises handle trademark matters in China?
In accordance with relevant provisions of Trademark Law of the People’s Republic of China and Rules for the Implementation of Trademark Law of the People’s Republic of China, any foreigner or foreign enterprise intending to apply for the registration of a trademark or for any other matters concerning a trademark in China shall entrust any of such organizations as recognized to be qualified for trademark agency by the State to act as his or its agent. A power of attorney issued by a foreign national or foreign enterprise shall state the matters to be handled by the agents, the scope of the agents' powers and the nationality of the principal.

34、涉外继承怎样处理？
根据《中华人民共和国继承法》及其“若干问题的意见”之相关规定，外国人继承在中国境内的遗产或者继承在中国境外的中国公民的遗产，动产适用被继承人住所地法律，即适用被继承人生前最后住所地国家的法律；不动产适用不动产所在地法律。
34. How shall foreigners inherit an estate in China?
In accordance with relevant provisions in Law of Succession of the People's Republic of China and Proposals on several Issues concerning the Implementation of Law of Succession of the People's Republic of China, for inheritance by a foreigner of an estate within the People's Republic of China or for inheritance by a foreigner of an estate of a Chinese citizen outside the People's Republic of China, the law of the place of domicile of the decedent shall apply in the case of movable property, that is, the law of the country where the decedent resides before the death shall apply; in the case of immovable property, the law of the place where the immovable property is located shall apply.

35、哪些涉外合同纠纷诉讼由中华人民共和国人民法院专属管辖？
《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第二百四十四条规定：因在中华人民共和国履行中外合资经营企业合同、中外合作经营企业合同、中外合作勘探开发自然资源合同发生纠纷提起的诉讼，由中华人民共和国人民法院管辖。　
35. What disputes over a contract involving foreign interests shall be under the jurisdiction of the people's courts of the People's Republic of China?
Article 244 of Civil Procedure Law of the People's Republic of China stipulates that lawsuits initiated for disputes arising from the performance of contracts for Chinese-foreign equity joint ventures, or Chinese-foreign contractual joint ventures, or Chinese-foreign cooperative exploration and development of the natural resources in the People's Republic of China shall be under the jurisdiction of the people's courts of the People's Republic of China.

36、在中国境内没有住所的当事人，不服第一审人民法院民事裁判的，其上诉期限多长？
《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第二百四十七条规定：在中华人民共和国领域内没有住所的当事人，不服第一审人民法院判决、裁定的，有权在判决书、裁定书送达之日起三十日内提起上诉。
36. How long is the term of appeal if a party who has no domicile within the territory of the People's Republic of China refuses to accept a judgment or an order of first instance by a people's court?
Article 247 of Civil Procedure Law of the People’s Republic of China stipulates that a party who has no domicile within the territory of the People's Republic of China shall have the right to file an appeal with the people's court at the next higher level within 30 days of the serving of the written judgment or order if the party refuses to accept a judgment or an order of first instance by a people's court.

37、涉外民事诉讼中，外国驻华使、领馆官员，怎样帮助其本国国民在我国进行民事诉讼活动？
《最高人民法院关于适用民事诉讼法若干问题的意见》第309条规定：涉外民事诉讼中，外国驻华使、领馆授权其本馆官员，在作为当事人的本国国民不在我国领域内的情况下，可以以外交代表身份为其本国国民在我国聘请中国律师或中国公民代理民事诉讼。
37. How may officials of foreign embassies and consulates in China help their people to carry out civil ligitations in civil lawsuits involving foreign interests?
In accordance with the provisions in Article 309 of Proposals of the Supreme Court on several Issues concerning the Application of Civil Procedure Law of the People's Republic of China, in civil lawsuits involving foreign interests, foreign embassies and consulates in China may authorize their officals, in name of diplomatic representatives, to appoint Chinese lawyers or Chinese people as agents for the foreign party in civil lawsuits if the foreign party is not in China.

38、外籍人士可否被聘任为涉外仲裁委员会仲裁员？
外籍人士可以被聘任为涉外仲裁委员会仲裁员。《中华人民共和国仲裁法》第六十七条规定：涉外仲裁委员会可以从具有法律、经济贸易、科学技术等专门知识的外籍人士中聘任仲裁员。　
38. May foreigners be appointed as arbitrators of a foreign arbitration commission?
Yes, foreigners may be appointed as arbitrators of a foreign arbitration commission.  Article 67 of Arbitration Law of the People's Republic of China stipulates that a foreign arbitration commission may appoint foreigners with professional knowledge in such fields as law, economy and trade, science and technology as arbitrators.